Integration Potential Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence as Learning Media to Improve Students' Spatial Thinking Skills: A Systematic Literature Review
Keywords:
Augmented Reality, Artificial Intelligence, learning media, spatial thinking skills, Systematic Literature Review, VOSviewerAbstract
Digital transformation in education encourages the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) as learning media capable of creating interactive, adaptive, and contextual learning experiences. However, studies that integrate these two technologies in improving students' spatial thinking skills are still limited, especially as a basis for implementation in regional education contexts. This study aims to (1) identify research trends regarding the integration of AR and AI as learning media for the 2020–2026 period, (2) analyze the effectiveness of AR and AI integration in improving students' spatial thinking skills, and (3) formulate recommendations for the implementation of AR and AI-based learning media in Pesisir Selatan Regency. The study used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with reference to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Research data were obtained from Google Scholar and Scopus databases, then selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain 10 reputable national and international journal articles published in the 2020–2026 period. Data were analyzed qualitatively through the process of identification, extraction, synthesis, and interpretation of findings, and supported by bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. The research results show that AR research trends are growing more rapidly than AI in the field of learning media. The integration of AR and AI has been shown to have the potential to improve spatial visualization capabilities, spatial reasoning, learning motivation, and learning personalization, although its implementation still faces challenges in terms of infrastructure, teacher competency, and technology integration. This study recommends the development of AR and AI-based learning media that are contextual to the characteristics of Pesisir Selatan Regency by strengthening digital infrastructure, improving educator competency, and utilizing local potential as learning resources.
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